Pediatrics Recalls By Subject – General Subjects

A 5-year-old boy, generally healthy, arrived due to complaints of nocturnal enuresis, has never been weaned off diapers at nighttime. The mother reports that he tends to talk and walk in his sleep. Normal physical examination.

In addition to the urine osmolarity test, what other tests are recommended in order to advance the diagnosis?

A 17-year-old male, usually healthy, was transported to the emergency room by ambulance after experiencing a loss of consciousness. Upon examination in the ER, he appeared confused, lethargic, and disoriented to his surroundings. Blood test showed alcohol level of 240 mg/dl (high). Urine toxic screen is negative.

What is the probable cause of death in this case?

A 4-month-old baby presents to the emergency room after getting hit by his 2-year-old brother. This is his 3rd time in the emergency room due to falls. Examination is significant for restlessness, chest tenderness on palpation, he doesn’t move his left leg. Laboratory results including a complete blood count, biochemistry and inflammatory markers is normal. X-ray is attached.

Which of the additional findings is likely to be present in this baby?

Which of the following is a normal developmental test for a 3-months-old infant

A 15-year-old boy is referred for evaluation due to a drop in his academic achievements and new complaints of anxiety and depression. Blood tests demonstrate increased levels of liver enzymes and hemolytic anemia. An eye examination revealed the attached finding (in the image).

What blood test finding is highly likely to support the diagnosis?

A 17-year-old male with bipolar disorder is referred to the emergency room with vomiting, nausea, confusion, and unstable gait. Vital signs include a temperature of 36oC, heart rate of 100/min, and saturation of 96% in room air. Examination is positive for resting tremor and myoclonus.

An overdose of which of the following drugs may cause these symptoms?

A 4-months-old infant is evaluated due to sleep apnea and severe constipation.

Blood gasses reveal CO2 accumulation during the night, with normal values during the day.

Which of the following diagnostic tests will facilitate the most likely diagnosis?

A 15-year-old boy complains of fatigue and a tendency to sleep during the day. His parents are worried of his deteriorating school performance over the last 3 months. He goes to sleep at midnight and wakes up at 7am, sleeps late on weekends, usually eats a snack an hour before he goes to sleep, and performs regular physical activity after school. He does not snore,

and does not wake up during his sleep. He is generally health with no regular medication, and has a normal physical examination with a BMI of 22.

Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation?

A 3-year-old female, normally healthy, was discharged about 10 days ago from hospitalization due to pneumonia, treated with intravenous penicillin, referred due to edema and erythema of the hand in the infusion area, accompanied by fever up to 38.7°C, evidence of enlarged lymph nodes and joint pain. What is the best treatment in this case?

A 5-year-old boy, diagnosed on the autistic spectrum, was admitted due to decreased appetite, restlessness, and in recent days weakness in the lower limbs. Refuses to walk. On his examination, non-specific sensitivity over the lower extremities as well as the finding described in the image.

What is the most likely cause of the child’s complaints?

A 16-year-old girl presents with irregular menstruation.
Examination reveals overweight and the findings in the attached photos.

Which of the following is the most appropriate first line treatment of her most likely disease?

A 7-year-old boy is evaluated due to two months of solid mass behind the left knee

that is more pronounced upon extension. On examination – the finding in the photo below.

Knee X-rays and labs – no abnormal finding.

Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment?

A 4-year-old male hospitalized in the pediatrics suddenly loses consciousness and stops breathing. What is the size of the tube that you will request to insert into the child during CPR (tube diameter without balloon)?

Which of the following is an etiology for early eruption of teeth in infants?

A 1-year-old infant who weighs 10 Kg is brought to the ER due to lack of appetite and vomiting. In the past two days he had fever and diarrhea and was treated with acetaminophen (Acamol) 250 mg X4/d.
labs – mild elevation of liver function tests.
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?

A 2-year-old male was brought to the ER after being found in a stupor at home. In the initial assessment in the emergency room – preserved airway, breathing about eight breaths per minute, irregular breathing, 100% saturation with oxygen, carotid pulse of 60 per minute, and blood pressure of 90/60. Constricted pupils, non-reactive to light. The parents report that he felt well during the day. Normal glucose finger stick test. What is the most appropriate treatment for this situation?

A two-month-old male, weight at birth 3500 grams, currently weighing 4700 grams. For the past three weeks, he has been suffering during the day from repeated episodes of crying that last about two hours. The baby is breastfed. Which of the following situations could be a complication for his condition?

A 30-month-old health toddler, with divorced parents is sent for evaluation due to mastication with
evidence of stomach content at 1-2 hours after a meal, for the last 2 months. There are no additional
complains, and there weren’t any similar complaints in the past
Which of the following is the most recommended treatment?

Which of the following conditions will require treatment with progesterone-only birth control pills?

Which of the following drug-to-side effect matches is most correct ?

Which of the following findings is a contraindication to the administration of estrogen-containing pills?